rabbit polyclonal antibodies against tgf β1  (Proteintech)

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy inhibits gastric cancer growth by modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment involving the Treg/IL-10/TGF-β1 axis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688182

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mechanism diagram of moxibustion intervention in gastric cancer mice for immune regulation and anti-tumor effects. Moxibustion can reverse tumor immune escape and enhance the immune function of the body by regulating and reducing the proportion of CD4 + CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in the blood and the expression levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1. The acupoints for the corresponding experimental mice are Zhongwan (CV12), Qihai (CV6), Guanyuan (CV4), and Zusanli (ST36).

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilution ratios were as follows: rabbit polyclonal antibody against Foxp3 (Bioss, cat. Bs-23074R, lot: AF03154485), diluted 1:1,000; rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-β1 (Bioss, cat. Bs-0086R, lot: AG19301,531), diluted 1:2000; mouse monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (Zhongshan Jinqiao, cat. TA-08, lot: 230040220), diluted 1:2000.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy inhibits gastric cancer growth by modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment involving the Treg/IL-10/TGF-β1 axis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688182

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation analysis among FOXP3, IL-10, and TGF-β1 in gastric cancer. In gastric cancer tissues, FOXP3, IL-10 and TGFβ1 are all associated with immune cells to varying degrees (A) , and have a strong association with Treg cells (B) .

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilution ratios were as follows: rabbit polyclonal antibody against Foxp3 (Bioss, cat. Bs-23074R, lot: AF03154485), diluted 1:1,000; rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-β1 (Bioss, cat. Bs-0086R, lot: AG19301,531), diluted 1:2000; mouse monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (Zhongshan Jinqiao, cat. TA-08, lot: 230040220), diluted 1:2000.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy inhibits gastric cancer growth by modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment involving the Treg/IL-10/TGF-β1 axis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688182

Figure Lengend Snippet: Experimental results in mice. (A) Grouped appearance images of nude mice, showing the general conditions of the model group, moxibustion group, chemotherapy group, and moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group. (B) Gross specimens of tumor tissues from each group of nude mice, comparing the size and shape differences of tumors in each group through a ruler. The two sub-figures have visual proportion differences due to different shooting distances; the actual size should be based on the scale and quantitative data. (C) The changes in tumor volume of each group of mice. The horizontal axis represents the number of days of observation after mouse modeling, and the vertical axis indicates the size of the tumor volume. The expression differences began to be shown from the 12th day as illustrated in the figure. The significant differences between groups are indicated by the letter method. If the letters are the same, it means there is no statistical difference between the two groups; otherwise, there is a difference (p < 0.05). (A) compared with the model group; (B) compared with the moxibustion group; (C) compared with the chemotherapy group. Model group: 32.01 ± 5.49 mm 3 , 92.19 ± 20.40 mm 3 , 157.30 ± 28.79 mm 3 , 276.10 ± 76.86 mm 3 . Moxibustion group: 32.96 ± 2.93 mm 3 , 51.29 ± 12.55 mm 3 , 85.08 ± 17.83 mm 3 , 182.55 ± 15.40 mm 3 . Chemotherapy group: 30.36 ± 7.72 mm 3 , 37.97 ± 15.11 mm 3 , 68.57 ± 15.09 mm 3 , 123.15 ± 36.76 mm 3 . Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group: 26.39 ± 10.52 mm 3 , 31.50 ± 8.50 mm 3 , 43.53 ± 14.24 mm 3 , 64.09 ± 17.86 mm 3 . There were significant differences in tumor volume among the groups of mice (overall between-group effect: F (3,20) = 90.502, p < 0.001, partial η 2 = 0.931). Post hoc comparisons, with the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group as the reference, showed that on the ninth day, the tumor volume of the model group and the moxibustion group was significantly larger than that of the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group (both p < 0.05); by the 12th day, the tumor volume of the chemotherapy group was also significantly larger than that of the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group (p = 0.041); on the 15th day, the tumor volume of all single-treatment groups was extremely significantly larger than that of the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group (model group vs. combined group: p < 0.001; moxibustion group vs. combined group: p < 0.001; chemotherapy group vs. combined group: p = 0.031). (D) HE staining pathological sections of tumor tissues from each group (upper: low-power field; lower: high-power field of the selected area). (E) Protein expression of FOXP3 and TGF-β1 in tumor tissues. (a) Protein molecular weight standard. (b) Representative results of three independent repeated experiments detected by Western blot. The letters A-E above the bands represent the blank control group, model group, moxibustion group, chemotherapy group, and combined treatment group, respectively. (c–d) Semi-quantitative statistical analysis of FOXP3 (c) and TGF-β1 (d) protein expression. The data were calculated by the ratio of the gray value of the target protein to GAPDH and expressed as mean ± standard deviation. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (α = 0.05).

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilution ratios were as follows: rabbit polyclonal antibody against Foxp3 (Bioss, cat. Bs-23074R, lot: AF03154485), diluted 1:1,000; rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-β1 (Bioss, cat. Bs-0086R, lot: AG19301,531), diluted 1:2000; mouse monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (Zhongshan Jinqiao, cat. TA-08, lot: 230040220), diluted 1:2000.

Techniques: Expressing, Staining, Molecular Weight, Western Blot, Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy inhibits gastric cancer growth by modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment involving the Treg/IL-10/TGF-β1 axis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688182

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effects on the expression of FOXP3+ Treg in the tumor microenvironment and key inhibitory factors in the peripheral blood of mice in each group. (A) Representative flow cytometry dot plots of the proportion of CD4 + CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in the peripheral blood of each group of mice. The cell gating strategy was based on the consensus marker scheme for Treg cell analysis: first, the lymphocyte population was gated, followed by gating of CD4 + T cells and CD25 + cells in sequence, and finally the Treg cell population was determined by FOXP3+ cells. The model group was 7.49%, the moxibustion group was 5.42%, the chemotherapy group was 4.73%, and the moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group was 4.15%. (B) Comparison of CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + Treg, TGF-β1 and IL-10 levels in the serum of mice among different groups. A, B, C, and D represent different groups. The expression levels of Treg (%) in the model group, moxibustion group, chemotherapy group, and moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group were 7.02 ± 0.45, 5.59 ± 0.35, 4.73 ± 0.57, and 3.91 ± 0.21, respectively; the expression levels of TGF-β1 (pg/mL) were 547.84 ± 7.25, 325.24 ± 15.03, 322.05 ± 21.91, and 266.82 ± 13.71, respectively; the expression levels of IL-10 (pg/mL) were 127.21 ± 2.07, 101.68 ± 1.42, 84.53 ± 4.25, and 51.42 ± 3.65, respectively.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilution ratios were as follows: rabbit polyclonal antibody against Foxp3 (Bioss, cat. Bs-23074R, lot: AF03154485), diluted 1:1,000; rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-β1 (Bioss, cat. Bs-0086R, lot: AG19301,531), diluted 1:2000; mouse monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (Zhongshan Jinqiao, cat. TA-08, lot: 230040220), diluted 1:2000.

Techniques: Expressing, Flow Cytometry, Marker, Cell Analysis, Sequencing, Comparison

Journal: Toxics

Article Title: Intratracheal Administration of Polystyrene Micro(nano)plastics with a Mixed Particle Size Promote Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats by Activating TGF-β1 Signaling and Destabilizing Mitochondrial Dynamics and Mitophagy in a Dose- and Time-Dependent Manner

doi: 10.3390/toxics13060487

Figure Lengend Snippet: Intratracheal administration of PS-MPs induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Masson’s trichrome staining revealed green collagen deposition in the rat lungs ( A , C ). The expression levels of TGF-β1 ( B , D ) and p-Smad2 ( E , F ) increased, and the expression levels of p-Akt ( E , G ) and nuclear β-catenin ( E , H ) decreased in the lungs of the rats in the PS-MP exposure groups. Abbreviations for WB analysis are C: control, V: vehicle, L: 0.31 mg PS-MPs, H: 1.25 mg PS-MPs. All the results are expressed as the mean ± SD; n = 4. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. the control group; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 vs. the vehicle group; bar = 100 μm.

Article Snippet: Rabbit polyclonal antibodies against TGF-β1 (21898-1-AP), DRP1 (12957-1-AP), Mfn1 (13798-1-AP), Mfn2 (12186-1-AP), VDAC1 (55259-1-AP), and β-actin (81115-1-RR) were purchased from ProteinTech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Staining, Expressing, Control

Journal: Acta biomaterialia

Article Title: Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Vascular Elastic Matrix Regenerative Repair

doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.07.002

Figure Lengend Snippet: List of primers used in the study

Article Snippet: Primary antibody labelling was carried out using rabbit polyclonal anti-rat antibodies against TGF-β1 (1:500 dilutions, Abcam); JNK1/2/3 and ERK1/2 (1:1000 dilution, Abcam); and p38 MAPK (1:1000, Cell signaling Technology Danvers, MA).

Techniques:

Journal: Acta biomaterialia

Article Title: Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Vascular Elastic Matrix Regenerative Repair

doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.07.002

Figure Lengend Snippet: Shown are WB analysis results indicating effects of treatment on protein expression of ERK1/2 (A), p38MAPK (B), JNK1/2 (C) and TGF-β1 (D). Panel E shows effect of treatment on gene expression of TGF-β1 as analyzed using RT-PCR and panel F shows levels of mature TGF-β1 secreted into culture medium measured using a sandwich ELISA method. In all plots, values shown indicate mean ± SE of measurements made in n = 6 replicate cultures per condition. * denotes p < 0.05 compared to TC cultures, # denotes p < 0.05 compared to EV treated samples, $ denotes p < 0.05 compared to CCM-treated cultures.

Article Snippet: Primary antibody labelling was carried out using rabbit polyclonal anti-rat antibodies against TGF-β1 (1:500 dilutions, Abcam); JNK1/2/3 and ERK1/2 (1:1000 dilution, Abcam); and p38 MAPK (1:1000, Cell signaling Technology Danvers, MA).

Techniques: Expressing, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sandwich ELISA

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Effect of amniotic fluid stem cell transplantation on the recovery of bladder dysfunction in spinal cord-injured rats

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67163-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: mRNA expression of IGF-1, TGF-β1, β3-adrenoceptor, BDNF, M2, and M3 in the bladders of spinal cord-injured (SCI) rats after transplantation. (A) The mRNA expression of IGF-1, TGF-β1, BDNF and M3 was increased in the SCI + PBS group at day 7. However, the mRNA expression of IGF-1, TGF-β1, and β3-adrenoceptor was increased, but that of M2 and M3 was decreased, in the SCI + PBS group at day 28. The SCI + HEK293 group showed a change similar to that of the SCI + PBS group but had no significant change in IGF-1 and TGF-β1 mRNAs at day 7 and IGF-1 and M3 at day 28. All the mRNA changes improved to near sham levels at days 7 and 28 except IGF-1, which was decreased at day 7; M2, which was decreased at day 28; and β3-adrenoceptor, which was increased at day 28 after hAFSC transplantation. Immunoreactivity of IGF-1, TGF-β1, β3-adrenoceptor, BDNF, M2, and M3 in the bladders of spinal cord-injured (SCI) rats after transplantation. (B) Immunoreactivity of IGF-1, TGF-β1, and M2 was increased, but BDNF was decreased in the SCI + PBS group at day 7. Immunoreactivity for IGF-1, TGF-β1, β3-adrenoceptor, and M2 was increased, but that for M3 was decreased in the SCI + PBS group at day 28. The SCI + HEK293 group showed a change similar to that of the SCI + PBS group, but no significant changes in TGF-β1 and M2 immunoreactivity at day 7 or in IGF-1, TGF-β1, β3-adrenoceptor, M2 and M3 immunoreactivity at day 28. These changes improved to near sham levels at days 7 and 28 after hAFSC transplantation. *P < 0.05 vs. sham group. # P < 0.05 vs. SCI + PBS group. § P < 0.05 vs. SCI + HEK293 group. N = 6 at each time point. BDNF = brain-derived neurotrophic factor. HEK293 = human embryonic kidney 293 cells. IGF-1 = insulin-like growth factor-1. M2 and M3 = M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors. PBS = phosphate-buffered saline. TGF-β1 = transforming growth factor-beta 1.

Article Snippet: Sections were incubated for 18–20 h at 4 °C with rabbit polyclonal antibodies against TGF-β1 (1:50, OriGene Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA), β3-adrenoceptor (1:750, Millipore, Temecula, CA), M2 (1:1,000, Millipore, Temecula, CA, USA), M3 (1:1,000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA) and IL-6 (1:200, GeneTex, Irvine, CA, USA), mouse monoclonal antibodies against IGF-1 (1:500, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) and BDNF (1:750, OriGene Technologies, Inc. Rockville, MD, USA) and goat polyclonal antibody against TNF-alpha (1:200, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Transplantation Assay, Derivative Assay, Saline

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Effect of amniotic fluid stem cell transplantation on the recovery of bladder dysfunction in spinal cord-injured rats

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67163-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunoconfocal microscopy using the triple labelling technique. Colocalization (merge) of DAPI and hCD90 with the neural cell markers BDNF, TGF-β1, GFAP, and IL-6 was observed in spinal cord-injured (SCI) sections after transplantation. Immunofluorescence expression of BDNF ( A ) and TGF-β1 ( B ) was reduced, but GFAP ( C ) and IL-6 ( D ) was significantly increased in the SCI + PBS group compared to the sham group. These changes improved after hAFSC transplantation. Bar in the hCD90 panel = 50 μm. N = 6 at each time point. hCD90 = human CD90. BDNF = brain-derived neurotrophic factor. TGF-β1 = transforming growth factor-beta 1. GFAP = glial fibrillary acidic protein. IL-6 = interleukin-6. DAPI = 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole.

Article Snippet: Sections were incubated for 18–20 h at 4 °C with rabbit polyclonal antibodies against TGF-β1 (1:50, OriGene Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA), β3-adrenoceptor (1:750, Millipore, Temecula, CA), M2 (1:1,000, Millipore, Temecula, CA, USA), M3 (1:1,000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA) and IL-6 (1:200, GeneTex, Irvine, CA, USA), mouse monoclonal antibodies against IGF-1 (1:500, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) and BDNF (1:750, OriGene Technologies, Inc. Rockville, MD, USA) and goat polyclonal antibody against TNF-alpha (1:200, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Microscopy, Transplantation Assay, Immunofluorescence, Expressing, Derivative Assay